What is the p-value?
A5 It measures the extent that the observed difference is due to chance. This probability is calculated based on your data.For example, a p = 0.03 means that the observed difference has 3% probability of being due to chance.For decision making, this p-value of 0.03 is then compared to the predetermined significant level, usually alpha = 0.05.Often you see the following statement was presented in a manuscript as a criterion of significance: “A p-value of equal to or less than 0.05 will be considered significance; or p ≤ 0.05 will be considered statistical significance.”In the above example, since p = 0.03 is less than 0.05, it is concluded that there is a significant difference between the groups under comparison.
