What is the optimum freeze pipe distance and diameter D?
The freeze pipe circle is dependent on shaft depth, lining concept and inner diameter. 38 pipes per circle (deviation 2) normally have been used in German shaft sinking. The distance between the freeze pipes is s = 1.30 m (deviation 0.14 m). In dependence of final inner diameter of the shaft (between 4 m to 8 m) a freeze pipe diameter of 15 m (deviation 2 m) has been realised.
