What is the history of parallel database technology?
According to James Gray, “During the 1970s there was great enthusiasm for database machines — special-purpose computers that would be much faster than general-purpose systems running conventional databases. The problem was that general purpose systems were improving at 50% per year, so it was difficult for customized systems to compete with them. By 1980, most researchers recognized the futility of special-purpose approaches, and the database machine community switched to research on using arrays of general purpose processors and disks to process data in parallel. The University of Wisconsin was home to the major proponents of this idea in the US. Funded by the government and industry, they built a parallel database machine called Gamma. That system produced ideas and a generation of students who went on to staff all the database vendors. Today the parallel systems from IBM, Tandem, Oracle, Informix, Sybase, and AT&T all have a direct lineage from the Wisconsin research on parallel da
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