What is the difference between through-hardened gearing and case-hardened or carburized gearing, and which is better for my application?
Through-hardened gears start with a specific grade of material, and are heat-treated to provide a specific hardness which goes all the way through the gear. Case-hardened or carburized gears use a different grade of material and are heat-treated so that the surface of the teeth is harder than with through-hardened gears. Following heat-treating, the gear teeth must be ground to rectify the distortion caused by this process. This hardness, however, is only a few thousandths deep (case depth) and varies depending on the design characteristics of the tooth form. By creating a harder surface, more torque can be transmitted by a carburized gear than a through-hardened gear given the same size envelope. One of the major application-specific differences is the “shock load factor”. While carburized gears can transmit more torque, they are less forgiving in high shock load applications due to their higher, more brittle hardness. Continued shock loading can result in stress cracks in the tooth,
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