What is the difference between ship weapon types?
Lasers are rapid firing, but do light damage. They tend to be most effective against smaller fast moving targets. Guns are projectile based, and are more likely to miss moving targets, but will do a lot of damage when they hit. Bombs are used against planet based targets. Missiles are used against space based targets. Bombs and Missiles must be replenished after use, and there is a chance they will be shot down before they reach their target. Fighters can be turned into effective missiles by ordering Kamikaze attacks (proper missiles are cheaper, but kamikaze attacks can sometimes be an easy way out of a particularly difficult battle).