What is the difference between a Mamiya tele-extender and an extension tube?
An extension tube is essentially a hollow device that goes between the camera body and lens. Moving the existing lens farther from the film plane allows for closer (or macro) focusing of your lens. A tele-extender contains glass optical elements that change the focal length of your lens (i.e; a 2X tele-extender would make a 50mm lens function as a 100mm lens). The number associated with the tele-extender indicates the degree of magnification.