What is the difference between a lubricant and a friction modifier?
A. A lubricant is designed to reduce the coefficient of friction on the gage face of the rail and the wheel flange. On the other hand, a friction modifier is designed to control top of rail friction at an optimum level (0.3-0.35) in a manner that will not affect braking or traction. Friction modifiers can solve a more wide range of problems such as noise, rail & wheel wear, fuel consumption & green house gas emissions, lateral forces, and short pitch corrugations.