What is the cause of bovine pneumonia?
Bovine pneumonia is a multifactorial disease. Predisposing factors include stress and transport. Pathogens that are consistently isolated from affected cattle are Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. Other pathogens that might be involved are Histophilus somni, respiratory viruses, chalmydiae and mycoplasmas. See Causes of bovine pneumonia.