What is the best approach to teaching phonics?
The best phonics program would use a variety of approaches and focus on early and explicit instruction. Such a program would include: • Explicit instruction on the patterns of English spelling • Explicit instruction on how to use letter patterns to decode and spell new words when reading and writing • focus on strategies for reading and spelling rather than rules Approaches to teaching phonics may be categorized in five ways. The differences among the approaches are relatively small (Stahl, Duffy-Hester, and Stahl, 1998). The activities in Targeted Reading Interventions represent three approaches to teaching phonics. • The spelling-based approach teaches students words based on spelling principles. • The analogy-based approach teaches students how to decode words they do not know by using words or word parts they do know. • The embedded phonics approach uses instruction that occurs in the context of authentic reading and writing. These three approaches also have three important compone
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