What is the actual arrangement of electrons in atom ?
One cannot pin an electron to any specific location, and this is key to understanding that you can’t produce an arrangement of electrons. It is meaningless to wonder how electrons are arranged in an atom, because their actual locations are pretty much random. The best you can do is to place electrons at the loci of the greatest probability of finding them (which will be a surface in 3D) and say that they are orbiting. However, this view is frivolous as far as any meaningful electronic interactions are concerned – and since you ask of the ‘actual arrangement’, this gross simplification won’t do. The electron orbitals you find are not confinement of electrons in space; rather, most are iso-surface plots of the wave function, although the better ones fade out as the wave function diminishes. The probability density function is the product of the square of the wave function and the radius, and it represents the likelihood of finding an electron at that surface (the iso-surface is a 3D cont
