What is spatial diversity?
Spatial diversity is a MIMO feature that can be achieved either at the transmitter (transmit diversity) or at the receiver (receive diversity) or both. It involves use of multiple antennas with enough separation in distance so that the receiver can receive multiple independently fading signal paths. Spatial diversity improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver over what would be obtained without diversity (single receive antenna). The improvement in SNR is often termed as diversity gain. In theory, the maximum achievable diversity gain is the product of the number of transmit and receive antennas.
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