What is respiratory distress syndrome?
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a breathing disorder that affects newborns. RDS rarely occurs in full-term infants. The disorder is more common in premature infants born about 6 weeks or more before their due dates. RDS is more common in premature infants because their lungs aren’t able to make enough surfactant (sur-FAK-tant). Surfactant is a liquid that coats the inside of the lungs. It helps keep them open so that infants can breathe in air once they’re born. Without surfactant, the lungs collapse and the infant has to work hard to breathe. He or she might not be able to breathe in enough oxygen to support the body’s organs. The lack of oxygen may damage the infant’s brain and other organs if proper treatment isn’t given. Most infants who develop RDS show signs of breathing problems and a lack of oxygen at birth or within the first few hours that follow.
