What is penance (kaffarah) of fast and how is it redeemed?
In case of breaking a Ramadan fast without an excuse, one should redeem a penance and re-observe the fast. The penance for fasting is fasting for 2 lunar months, that is, 60 days on end. Those who cannot manage this should feed 60 poor people for one day or feed a poor person for 60 days. Menstruating women give a break on penance fasting while on period. As soon as they turn to normal, they should continue their penance fasting and complete 60 days. According to Shafi’i school, fasting broken due to eating-drinking without an excuse requires only re-performance (qada) not kaffarah.
