What is longitude and latitude?
Longitude are the ‘vertical’ lines on a map and imaginary lines on the earth used to calculate distance east or west. Greenwich village near London is thought of as the central point (0 degrees). Latitude are the ‘horizontal’ lines – they are used to calculate distance north or south of the equator (a line of latitude around the ‘middle’ of the world – 0 degrees). Since the earth is round, only part of it can be in sunlight at once. Think of it like a football. if you have a torch shining at a football, the part facing the torch will be brightest (day) whereas the part facing away will be dark (night). The earth spins on its axis (imagine the football turning) so every point on the football will (at different times) see the torch way off to the side(the ‘sun’ is low in the ‘sky’ -> morning ), then to high (when it faces the torch), and then to the other side (evening). When the sun is ‘lowest’ in the sky the shadows it causes will be longest. This is where sundials come into play. The
