What is hemoglobin electrophoresis?
Definition Hemoglobin electrophoresis (also called Hgb electrophoresis), is a test that measures the different types of hemoglobin in the blood. The method used is called electrophoresis, a process that causes movement of particles in an electric field, resulting in formation of “bands” that separate toward one end or the other in the field. Purpose Hgb electrophoresis is performed when a disorder associated with abnormal hemoglobin (hemoglobinopathy) is suspected. The test is used primarily to diagnose diseases involving these abnormal forms of hemoglobin, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. Precautions Blood transfusions within the previous 12 weeks may alter test results. Description Hemoglobin (Hgb) is comprised of many different types, the most common being A1, A2, F, S, and C. Hgb A1 is the major component of hemoglobin in the normal red blood cell. Hgb A2 is a minor component of normal hemoglobin, comprising approximately 2–3% of the total. Hgb F is the major hemoglobin
