What Is Forensic DNA Typing?
Forensic DNA typing is the process by which individuals are identified using genetic samples. Two different samples are defined by a set of identifying numbers and matched to see if they are the same. Sir Alec Jeffreys of the University of Leicester developed the concept in 1985. Forensic DNA typing is used in a number of investigations, specifically in those involving rape and murder, to either convict or exonerate suspects. Forensic DNA typing starts with obtaining DNA samples from individuals. The best sources for these samples are bodily fluids such as saliva, blood and semen. Many individuals have previously stored samples or DNA can be newly obtained from personal items. However, the best source for these samples comes from using a buccal swab on the inside of the cheek. A number of techniques are used to create a reference sample and a genetic match is attempted.
