What is an HPF and LPF?
HPF is the common abbreviation for a high pass filter, while LPF is the common abbreviation for a low pass filter. High and low pass filters allow certain frequencies to “pass” through them while rejecting others. As its name implies, a high pass filter passes frequencies above its filter frequency and reduces the level of those frequencies below it. A low pass filter passes frequencies below its filter frequency and reduces the level of those frequencies above it. HPFs and LPFs are generally defined by three characteristics: a cutoff frequency, a topology, and a slope. The cutoff frequency is the frequency where the response of the filter falls to some level below that of the unfiltered (“passed”) frequencies. This level is generally 1/2 the voltage of the unfiltered frequencies or -6 dB. The topology determines the shape of the filter’s frequency response. The most commonly used filter topologies are Butterworth, Linkwitz-Riley, and Bessel. The slope of the filter defines how fast th
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