What is a “tunnel”?
A tunnel is a connection between two mrouters. There are two technologies in use for implementing a tunnel, however one of them is obsolete. The first, and now most important, implementation is “IP over IP”. The second, and now obsolete, implementation is loose source routing. A tunnel always has a source and a destination, but written as an IPv4 address. A tunnel also has two parameters called “metric” and “threshold”, defining the chraracteristics of the tunnel.