What if an endometrial hyperplasia or cancer is found on biopsy or D&C?
If any type of endometrial hyperplasia is detected by endometrial biopsy, a full D&C is indicated because endometrial cancer often coexists with hyperplasia and sometimes hyperplasia can be confused with cancerous changes so a larger sample is needed (1). If the biopsy shows atypical endometrial hyperplasia, some authors consider that as serious as cancer (30% may progress to cancer over time) and therefore recommend hysterectomy as a treatment just as if there were an early cancer (1). When endometrial cancer is found, the usual treatment is exploratory surgery with hysterectomy and lymph node sampling. Then depending upon the stage of invasion and the pathological characteristics of the tumor (grade), further surgery, radiation or chemotherapy is suggested if any further treatment is needed. What hormonal treatments are successful if there is not an anatomic cause of the perimenopausal bleeding? Since most of the bleeding problems stem from irregular or absent ovulation, hormonal the
