What happens in multiple myeloma?
Plasma cells, like other white blood cells, are part of the immune system. They make antibodies that help the body fight off infection. When plasma cells become abnormal, they are called myeloma cells. Myeloma cells don’t make working antibodies. Instead, they make monoclonal (M) proteins, which damage the bones. The bones may become thin and fracture easily. As bones break down, they release calcium into the bloodstream. Too much calcium in the blood can damage the kidneys. As myeloma cells multiply in the bone marrow, they crowd out normal blood cells. With fewer white blood cells, a person has less resistance to disease and infection. A shortage of red blood cells can cause anemia. What are the symptoms? Multiple myeloma may not cause obvious symptoms until it is advanced. When symptoms arise, they may include: • Bone pain, often in the back or ribs • Broken bones • Weakness and fatigue • Weight loss • Frequent infections Many other conditions can cause these symptoms. But, if you h
