What exactly do ELF files look like inside?
They are much fancier than a.out binaries. They always have at least two headers, sometimes three. There is a fixed-size initial header that contains general information about the architecture for which the program was compiled, its byte order and word size, and the sizes and locations of other headers. If you want to run or debug an ELF file, it must contain a program header table, which describes how the various parts of the file are (or were) loaded into memory. If you want to link an ELF file, it must have a section header table, which describes how chunks of the file can be combined with chunks from other files. Unlike the a.out format, an ELF file may have an arbitrary number of loadable segments. Our compiler and debugger support two symbolic debugging formats, the DBX/GDB format and the SVr4 DWARF format; we default to DBX/GDB format. ELF binaries may have interpreters that are really shared library loader programs. `Interpreted’ ELF binaries aren’t run directly; instead, the k
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