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What do the physicists mean when they speak of quantum fields?

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What do the physicists mean when they speak of quantum fields?

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A. In the first three decades of the twentieth century the physicists succeeded to elaborate a theory much sophisticated, the quantum mechanics or wave-mechanics, that explains entirely all the atomic phenomena that the classical physics, founded on Galileo and Newton’s mechanics and on Maxwell’s electromagnetism, was not able to explain. The atomic-molecular microcosm evidences that all the elementary particles behave as waves with a De Broglie wavelength l = h/( mv ) , which is inversely proportional to the momentum p = mv, and they obey to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle ( 1927 ), by which, when a particle is confined in a space region with dimensions comparable with its associated wavelength l, the uncertainty (error) that characterizes the measure of its momentum p, varies in inverse relation to the uncertainty which characterizes the measure of its position in the region of confinement. This is equivalent to affirm that elementary particles, taking account of their wave-like b

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