What do the New Testament and the Catholic Church say about Replacement Theology?
The Covenant with Israel is indeed fulfilled in the New Covenant, but this does not mean that the former is abolished or dissolved. The Church is indeed the “New Israel” (LG 9), but this does not imply that Israel “in the flesh” has been dispossessed of their divine election and promises. The New Testament never claims that Israel’s special role should come to an end after the coming of Christ. On the contrary, it affirms the permanent validity of their covenant with God. Neither do we find a confusion of identity between Israel and the Church in the New Testament; the two remain distinct although closely related. There are 77 references to Israel in the NT and none of them refer to the Church. Try replacing the words “the Church,” where Israel is mentioned and the passage is rendered unreadable and incomprehensible, e.g., Rom. 10:1, “Brethren, my heart’s desire and prayer to God for Israel is that they might be saved.” If you put “the Church” where Israel is mentioned, then it is redu
