What do the four rods and an axe tied with a ribbon in ancient roman senate signify?
It signifies: brotherhood, conjugal (if hold by Cupid), decapitation, justice, magisterial authority, magistracy, power, punitive, regal, Roman, scourging, state power over individual, unity. It is a bundle of wooden birch or elm rods bound with thongs/red cord that originally included a projecting axe (symbolizes the power of Roman magistrates to scourge or behead). Later, the axe was removed from the fasces in Rome to acknowledge the citizen’ right of appeal against capital punishment. Other people Coercive, subordinated interests of the individual to the direct action of a nationalist elite (Italian Fascism (where it gave its name), where the bundled rods symbolizes social classes, the axe symbolizes supreme authority of the state).
