What do the additional demand factors mean on the ORC software spreadsheet?
The additional demand factors in the Summary of Estimated ORC Requirements table on the ORC spreadsheet are safety factors that account for uncertainty about potential sinks for oxygen. These factors are used to increase the ORC dose by the specified multiplier and provide contingency to account for the many uncertainties inherent in subsurface investigations and in-situ remediation projects. Potential sources of unexpected ORC demand include higher than expected contaminant mass (in the form of residual phase NAPL present as hot spots), natural organic matter, or reduced inorganic species, such as ferrous iron, manganese, or sulfides.
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