What do DNA results prove or disprove?
For forensic or genetic relationship analysis, DNA testing can exclude absolutely a suspected person from being the source of a biological sample or an alleged father from being the true biological father of a child. Conversely, if an exclusion is not found by the DNA testing, the suspected person or alleged father, cannot be excluded from, and is therefore consistent with being the source of a sample or the true biological father of the child, respectively. Subsequent statistical analysis determines the weight to be given to the result. For forensic testing, statistical analysis determines the frequency of the obtained DNA profile in the general population. As this frequency becomes increasingly more rare, the likelihood of the reference and unknown sample having come from the same person increases. A frequency of 1 in 1,000,000 implies that the DNA match observed is 1,000,000 times more likely to have occurred if the unknown sample originates from the donor of the reference sample, a
