What diseases can humans catch from cats?
I almost agree with “ram”, with one correction – there has not been, as yet, a recorded case of catching toxoplasmosis from a cat. BUT there have been plenty of cases when it has happened from inappropriate handling of cat’s fecies, more than 24 hours old. And that can happen even if you don’t have a cat but do some gardening, etc. I live in a flat, clear my cat’s litter twice a day, and when I want a child, I will go get checked for that (it is caught only once, like mumps), because unless you are pregnant, it is not a big thing to catch it. (It is a grave risk for a pregnant woman, though, and for the baby).
You can’t “catch” Asthma, you either have it or you don’t, its not contagious, but if you are allergic to cats it can aggrivate your asthma. You can catch ringworm I’ve heard, but I’ve never actually known anyone who has. Rabies if you get bitten by a cat with rabies, but your cat should be vaccinated for that. I’ve owned cats for my whole life and volunteered at shelters for cats and have never caught anything from a cat.