What devies is use to produce electrical energy directly from chemical?
You can make electricity directly from chemical fuels by using electrochemistry. Here, chemicals are oxidized and reduced and the electrons involved in that reaction are passed through an external circuit. This is how batteries work. To do this, you need to match up two chemicals properly: one that will be oxidized, and one that will be reduced. The one that is oxidized will give up it’s electrons to the one that will be reduced, and those electrons being transfered create a current which can be used as electricity. If the chemicals are paired properly, this reaction will happen spontaneously, and electricity will be generated (if not paired correctly, then it will require electricity to drive the reaction). Another way is in something called a photoelectrochemical cell, which is just a special kind of solar cell.