What cultural values of the Romans does The Aeneid include?
The Aeneid is not directly based on the Romans, it focuses on the tale of Aeneas (following the sacking of Troy) – and leads to the founding of what became Rome, by way of the seven hills (if you believe the legends). As for what the romans thought of it, i suppose it could have been said to invoke patriotic and inspirational ideas with them like the tales of heroes we have here (such as King Arthur Legend etc).
