What causes EMF & Electric Fields?
Magnetic fields occur when current is flowing through a conductor. The actual EMF field strength is dependent on the path of the conductor and distance. In general, a two wire conductor that is perfectly balanced will have a net resultant of 0.0 mG. This is because current flowing along the return path back to ground will have a magnetic field which opposes that of the “hot” side and so it will cancel out. In real life, it is nearly impossible to get such a perfect balance, so there is almost always some measurable field around any current flowing through an electrical path. For the two conductor scenario, the field strength will typically be an inverse square of the distance. At 2′, the strength will be 1/4 of what it is at 1′. For a single wire conductor, (such as in ground currents) the EMF will decrease in an inverse proportion to the distance. At 2′ feet, the strength will be 1/2 of the reading at 1′. For coil wound transformers, the inverse cube will be observed. At 2′, the field
