What are WARs, or web applications?
A WAR is a J2EE module that is a standalone web application that can be deployed to a Web Container that supports the JSP 1.1/Servlet 2.2 specifications. WARs contain JSPs, Servlets, supporting class files, and static content such as html. A web.xml descriptor is used to define how the Web Container should deploy the web application. It may include server-specific information, which is configured declaratively, eliminating the need to hard-code information in your application.