What are typical values of distribution coefficients?
Distribution coefficients for reactive solutes tend to range from values near zero to 1 l/kg or greater. As these values are quite variable, it is difficult to give one general value to use as a default. The distribution coefficient is empirical (derived from experiment), and a parameter used for one field site cannot typically be used for another, even for materials from the same site. For organic micropollutants (typically hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons), the distribution coefficient can be estimated by multiplying a known Koc value, which is calculated in the lab as the organic carbon-water distribution coefficient, by the fraction of organic carbon in the soil. The following is a table of Koc values for some hydrocarbons (From Appelo and Postma, 1996), and a calculator for determining the Kd value based upon the fraction of organic carbon in the soil (foc).
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