What are the various ways to classify experimental designs based on the amount of control they possess?
• True, quasi, and pre-experimental designs represent three types of experimental designs based on the amount of the control they possess. • True experiments have the most control (the best comparison group), pre experiments having the least control (the poorest comparison group), while quasi experiments fall somewhere in between. • A study with more control can generate stronger the cause and effect statements. B. Why do true experiments have the most control? • All experiments must have at least two levels (e.g. 100mg vs. 200mg of caffeine) or treatment groups. • The degree to which these groups are equivalent, with the exception of the treatment they receive, reflects the amount of control the experiment has. In other words, confounding variables have been controlled. • Random assignment is the most common way to equate groups before they receive any treatment, which is possible with the true experiment. • For example, it is possible to randomly assign participants to receive either
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