What are the risks and benefits of long-term use of antibiotic prophylaxis?
The literature review for the first key question was broad and included studies of both short and long-term risks as related to episodes of various combinations of signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings, such as the presence of fever, the level of bacteriuria, the type of organism, the presence of varying levels of pyuria, or some combination of those factors. For the literature search on risk factors for UTI, types of risk factors examined were socioeconomic status, insurance status, behavioral factors, personal hygiene, sex, and domicile, as well as intermediate risk factors of bladder management method (or drainage), time since injury, and level of functioning (or injury). Regarding prophylaxis, the efficacy of any oral antibiotic therapy and the efficacy of specific oral antibiotics were examined. All analyses were further stratified by acute versus non-acute SCI patients and by asymptomatic and symptomatic UTIs. Study populations included adults and adolescents (13 years and old
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