What Are the Methods or Mechanisms Used to Prevent Backflow?
The basic method is the Air-Gap. This Air-Gap provides a physical vertical air barrier, a physical separation between the end of a water supply outlet (pipe) and the flood rim of a receiving tank or vessel. This separation must be at least twice the diameter of the pipe supply line but never less than one inch. An Air-Gap is considered the maximum protection against backpressure backflow, back-siphonage backflow, and toxic conditions because there are no mechanical components to break down. This Air-Gap should be inspected annually because it can be easily by-passed. We see this Air-Gap used every day in the kitchen sink and our utility water hauling vehicles. The Air-Gap is not always practical because it will not supply water pressure, only water.
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