What are the implications for leptons and atomic nuclei?
The standard model(s) of physics present the contents of the nucleus (nucleons) as distinct and different fundamentally from the electron family of particles outside the nucleus of an atom which are collectively termed leptons. The leptons, which are said to have no internal structure (i.e…not made from quarks), include the electron (511KeV), the muon (106.6MeV), the tauon (1.784GeV) and the neutrinos associated with each, plus all their antiparticles – the anti-electron being the positron. Observation of extended lifetimes of other than the electron/positron is said to be a result of time dilation, however, one should determine the nature of the leptons before jumping to conclusions. The epola model explains the electron-neutrino and its anti-neutrino to be an epo (electron-positron pair) in a shared deformation waveguide travelling through the epola. The muon and tauon may yet prove to be complex particles with existence as a function of the epola or perhaps the electron will prove
