What are the differences in self-discharge characteristics between Lead-acid (PbA) cells and Lithium-Iron-Phosphate (LiFePO4) cells when left unused and uncharged for a period of time?
If left unused and uncharged for a period of time, PbA battery cells can self-discharge their current capacity by up to 20% due to their internal resistance characteristics. LiFePO4 battery cells will only self-discharge about 2% of current capacity over the same period of time. Question: I’ve heard that lead-acid (PbA) battery cells are more “forgiving” than Li-family battery cells if they are overcharged. Why is a Voltage Monitoring System (VMS) required when charging and discharging Lithium-Iron-Phosphate battery cells, while not required for lead-acid battery cells? Answer: Unlike PbA battery cells that can tolerate a certain amount of overcharging when exceeding normal voltage and current thresholds, Li-family battery cells do have strict requirements to not exceed their maximum and minimum thresholds. The chemistry advantages gained in performance by Li-family battery cells do come at a cost that requires strict compliance to narrower charge/discharge constraints during each batt
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