What are SPARC’s programs and how are they different from each other?
SPARC’s programs include SPARC Alternatives, SPARC Leading Edge and SPARC Scientific Communities. For a current list of partners, go to our partners page. SPARC Alternatives Alternatives partnerships offer the scientific community high-quality, low-cost journals which compete head-to-head with high-priced journals. SPARC Leading Edge Leading Edge partnerships nurture scientific community-based e-journals that use technology to obtain competitive advantage or introduce innovative business models. SPARC Scientific Communities Scientific Communities partnerships recognize the importance of building new outlets for scientific communication around the needs of the communities they serve. They also recognize a shift in focus from journals to articles in the new digital information environment.