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WHAT ARE SOME OF THE FUNCTIONS OF GLUTATHIONE (GSH)?

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WHAT ARE SOME OF THE FUNCTIONS OF GLUTATHIONE (GSH)?

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[Refs. 1–5] • Maintains proper oxidation-reduction (redox) potential inside cells. Redox affects the oxidation state of sulfur in enzymes, and thus affects the rates of biochemical reactions in cells. • Scavenges peroxides and oxidizing free radicals directly and also serves as the basis for the antioxidant network. • Performs Phase II detoxication of heavy metals (such as mercury), organophosphate pesticides, chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, estradiol, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, acetaminophen, and other foreign and endogenous toxins. • Stores and transports cysteine throughout the body. • Transports amino acids, especially cystine into kidney cells. • Regulates the cell cycle, DNA and protein synthesis and proteolysis, and gene expression. • Regulates signal transduction. • Participates in bile production. • Protects thyroid cells from self-generated hydrogen peroxide. In carrying out several of the above functions, GSH plays very important roles in (1) maintaining mitochondrial

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