What are some major challenges underwater archaeologists face that excavators on land dont have to contend with?
Probably the biggest hurdle we face is the remoteness of underwater sites. Of course, it is difficult to get to many places on land, too, but underwater work invariably entails more complicated logistical planning. This is true whenever were working on sites in very deep water that require underwater robots or human occupied vehicles, but the situation is the similar even when were practicing traditional underwater archaeology with scuba gear. Another problem is limited visibility underwater. There is no underwater equivalent to aerial photography, so we have to use acoustic survey methods instead of optical. That adds the level of abstraction and interpretation familiar to any land archaeologist who uses remote sensing technologies like resistivity, conductivity, or ground-penetrating radar. How does artifact preservation differ in a waterlogged environment than on dry land? Are certain materials more likely to survive? Some materials are certainly more likely to be preserved underwat
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