What are projections and datum and why are they important?
Maps are flat, but the surfaces they represent are curved. Transforming the three-dimensional space onto a two-dimensional map is called “projection”. There are many examples that can be used to describe the projection process. One of the most common describes the result of trying to flatten an orange peel. Take an orange and remove the peel, as much as possible, in one piece. When you try to flatten the peel, the edges crack, pieces break off, and parts of the peel remain raised and distorted. Projections make it possible to create maps of areas of the earth with as little distortion as possible. The projection process affects four properties: area, shape, distance, and direction. There is no projection that maintains the integrity of all four properties at the same time. A particular projection should be chosen based on the importance to your project of one of the affected properties. For example, if you want to analyze land use with respect to the percentage of area used for differe
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