What are in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, human clinical trials, animal studies and epidemiological studies?
In vitro is defined as tests done outside of the body. Ex vivo is defined as tests done on human cells, but outside of the body In vivo is defined as tests done in an organism (animal or human) Human Clinical Trials are studies done on a number of patients/human volunteers. Animal studies are often used in Pharmacognosy (the study of medicines derived from natural provide valuable information on dosage, side effects etc, before human clinical trials are performed. Epidemiological studies are large population-based studies that the study of factors affecting the health and illness of populations, and serves as the foundation and logic of interventions made in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. It is considered a cornerstone methodology of public health research, and is highly regarded in evidence-based medicine for identifying risk factors for disease and determining optimal treatment approaches to clinical practice.
