What actions are most urgent in relation to water, sanitation and health?
The three top priorities are the provision of sufficient quantities of safe water, basic sanitation arrangements and promotion of good hygiene behaviours. The first priority is to provide an adequate quantity of water, even if its safety cannot be guaranteed, and to protect water sources from contamination. A minimum of 15 litres per person per day should be provided as soon as possible, though in the immediate post-impact period, it may be necessary to limit treated water to a minimum of 7.5 litres per day per person. During emergencies, people may use an untreated water source for laundry, bathing, etc. Water-quality improvements can be made over succeeding days or weeks. Major health risks due to inadequate excreta disposal arise after disasters. Where normal sanitation structures have been damaged or destroyed it is essential to provide toilet facilities immediately. Emergency facilities are usually provisional and need to be progressively improved or replaced as the situation deve
