Some base products specify that a certain percentage of additional ingredients can be added to the base. How do I determine this percentage?
Most ingredient amounts are calculated two ways: (1) By weight, or (2) By volume. To work out a percentage by batch weight: Determine the size of your batch by weight (in pounds, weight ounces or grams) and multiply by the percentage required. For example if you are making a 2 lb. batch of cream and need to add 1% of an essential oil, you should first convert 2 lbs. to 32 oz. ( 2lbs. x 16 oz. = 32 oz.) and then multiply 32 oz. by .01 (1%) which gives you 0.32 oz. If the resulting number is very small, you can convert it to grams for easier, more accurate weighing. 1 oz. = 28.35 grams so 0.32 oz. x 28.35 grams = 9.07 grams. You can then use a gram scale to accurately measure out 9.07 grams. Determine percentage based on volume. In this case, take the volume of your batch and multiply by the percentage to get the volume of the ingredient to use. For example, if you are making a 32 oz. batch of lotion and you want to use 2% by volume of an additive, you would multiply 32 oz. by .02 (2%).
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