My amplifier design works OK on a single 5V supply but if I try to put 4 volts on the input, the output will not go above about 3.6 volts. What\s wrong?
In the device datasheet, look for the specification labeled Input Voltage Range or Input Common Mode Voltage Range. This specification tells how close to the upper or lower supply voltage the amplifier can operate. Most amplifiers cannot operate with inputs closer than one to two volts to the supply rail voltage. Some op amps can go to the negative supply rail but not the positive rail. If you need the input to go very close [within 20 to 200mv] to the supply rail, select a Rail-to-Rail Input amplifier, or one that allows the input to desired supply rail. If the output must also go very close to the positive rail, select a Rail-to-Rail Input/Output (RRIO) amplifier. You can use Amplifiers WEBENCH to identify and select op amps that can meet your input and output voltage range requirements.
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