Is using a training GPS during a Marathon ethical?
A decent GPS unit would give you much more information than the usual bicycle “computer” (glorified speedometer/odometer/stopwatch). It would certainly give you an advantage over other competitors if you know how to use it, especially if you import the data onto a PC and analyze in detail how different race tactics affect your overall performance. But you’d have to gather and analyze a lot of data (i.e. run a lot) in order to determine any which tactics work and which don’t. So I don’t think it makes much difference whether or not you use it on the actual race day. As to whether or not the GPS should be used at all, there’s no easy answer to that question. There will always be disagreements about whether or not a particular technology gives you an unsporting advantage. E.g. it’s no secret that Lance Armstrong, for all his athleticism, is a robot utterly dependent on Johann Bruyneel dictating every little move to him through his radio earpiece. The guy still doesn’t get cycling strategy