Is there inclusive-language and a nonracist word for Negro?
Nope, because any word you choose to replace it with will also have to specify a single race. Usually people aren’t offended by “Black”, and if they are it’s generally the context. How you say it, and what you are saying about black people is usually more offensive than the word “black”. If you find that you are pissing people off when you talk about black people, it may be that your opinions are very different from theirs. Also, most people (not just black people) prefer to be called by the names their parents gave them.
No, some individuals look for reasons to be offended. Trying to tiptoe around hypersensitive pricks is a waste of time and effort, use the term that they refer to themselves as when they are among themselves, black. As long as you aren’t spitting it out with obvious contempt there’s no rational reason for anyone to be offended by it. Unless they just want to be offended in which case you’re screwed reguardless. Negro, Colored, Black, all of them have been marketed as the ‘correct’ term for persons of sub-Saharan African ancestry, and even some who are mostly non African but who want to cash in on being black, like Mariah Carrey.