Is there data regarding which province a feature (of type Populated Place) is in?
The ADM1 Code is the province designator. The combination of the FIPS Country Code and FIPS ADM1 Code would give one a clue of which province in Canada, for example, a named feature would fall (i.e. CA01 for Alberta, Canada). In the example of CA01, CA is the FIPS Country Code for Canada and 01 is the FIPS ADM1 Code for Alberta.