Is there any equation to correlate sea surface temperature to sea surface topography?
No, there is no direct relationship to convert sea surface temperature to sea surface topography, or vice versa. The sea surface temperature reflects the temperature in the top centimeter or so of water, whereas the sea surface height reflects the heat stored in the ocean. In general a 1°C temperature change over 50m gives a 1cm change, however changes in sea surface height are a result of many factors in addition to heating and cooling.
