Is the presence of the ability to send messages through jump space, in small portable “torpedoes”, consistent with the Traveller background as written?
No: Limited communications is such a fundamental part of Traveller, that you can’t make them easier without fundamentally altering the setting and introducing inconsistencies. J-torps make communications cheaper and make the commitment of men and ships unnecessary. Yes: If the cost is assumed to be high, and the reliability assumed to be low, then J-torps do not make communication any faster than before, and do not make it easier to a degree sufficient enough to affect CT background.